What does "cultural diffusion" refer to?

Cultural diffusion refers specifically to the process by which cultural beliefs, social activities, customs, and practices are spread from one group to another. This phenomenon can occur through various means, such as trade, migration, or communication between different societies. As groups interact and exchange ideas, their cultural elements—such as language, religion, art, and technology—blend, leading to a transformation and enrichment of both cultures involved. For instance, when colonizers come into contact with indigenous populations, there is often a significant exchange of cultural practices, which exemplifies cultural diffusion.

This makes the correct answer particularly significant as it highlights how cultures influence each other, promoting diversity and new ways of life through shared practices and beliefs. By recognizing the impact of cultural diffusion, one can better understand historical events and contemporary social dynamics. The other options do not accurately encompass the concept of cultural diffusion, as they focus on aspects like genetics, economics, and language formation rather than the exchange and spread of cultural elements.