What are the three branches of government established by the U.S. Constitution?

The correct answer identifies the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. This structure is fundamental to the American system of governance, ensuring a system of checks and balances where each branch has distinct powers and responsibilities.

The Legislative branch is responsible for making laws and is composed of Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate. The Executive branch, led by the President, implements and enforces laws. The Judicial branch interprets laws and adjudicates legal disputes, primarily through the court system.

This separation of powers is designed to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful and to provide a system of accountability among the branches. This foundational principle of governance is crucial to democratic practice in the United States, promoting fairness and equality before the law.